“Do not save what is left after spending, but spend what is left after saving.”
Warren Buffett
Warren Buffett’s quotes are timeless, reflecting his wisdom. His words on saving and investments are inspiring. Saving money is the cornerstone of a sound financial plan. Through discipline and hard work, we can save money to reward ourselves with financial flexibility. By making saving a priority and making your money work for you, you are more likely to achieve financial success.
Key Reasons To Save Money
- Help to achieve our financial goals.
- Pay our bills on time and entirely, so we don’t need to carry costly debt.
- Provide an emergency cushion for unpredictable costs.
- Set aside funds for our children’s college tuition and our retirement.
- Make investments, the best way to build wealth.
I like to revisit ancient views of saving money from timeworn texts and stories. There is a common thread across varying beliefs on saving, avoid overspending, and investing for a better financial future. Surveying these words adds a different perspective on finances. In the companion Ten Commandments of Personal Finance, we look at home ownership, investing, retirement, and debt management.
Ten Commandments of Saving Money:
1. Spend Within Your Means
Saving money is an essential financial habit. According to a CareerBuilder report, 78% of American workers are living paycheck-to-paycheck. Even those with higher incomes of at least $100,000 (nearly 10%) are having trouble making ends meet.
I grew up in a modest household that saved diligently. As a young girl, I didn’t always understand why we were having financial problems. My mom reminded us often that our needs exceeded our wants, and we had to be careful about spending. Later on, I learned that my parents set up a small retail business that took a long time to get off the ground. Savings became part of our mindset from then on.
“Control thy expenditures.”
To set aside money for saving and investing, you may need to cut some costs. To control your expenses, assess what your necessary living needs are. These are predictable monthly fixed costs such as mortgage payments or rent, property taxes, utilities, car loans, typical grocery bills, credit card payments, and any expenses you pay monthly. Remember, these costs are for our needs rather than for our wants and desires.
Be reasonable about satisfying your every want. A rise in earnings may not fully accommodate every gratification we seek. For example, that 10% raise on your $80,000 salary may not significantly help you to buy that luxury car (or chariot in ancient times), you have been eyeing.
2. Build A Healthy Emergency Fund
As a result of the coronavirus pandemic, record jobless claims caused a dramatic slowdown of the economy. Although federal stimulus packages have added to state unemployment benefits, there is no guarantee this government aid will be ongoing.
Economic downturns are cyclical events you can’t time. They cause substantial financial stresses. Recessions remind us of the need for savings on hand. Having an emergency fund is necessary to pay for basic living expenses for at least six months, if not a year. Having readily accessible funds in liquid funds such as money market securities helps you avoid borrowing money.
Joseph’s Emergency Funds
Emergency funds as a prudent strategy appear in Genesis 41:34-36. In this passage, Joseph interprets Pharaoh’s dream about seven fat cows grazing by a river swallowed up by seven skinny cows. Joseph views the seven fat cows as seven prosperous years for Egypt, followed by seven years of famine. As a result of planning for this disaster, Joseph advises Pharaoh to store grain during the good years to use for more challenging years. Save when you have more for those times you have less due to job loss, illness, or crisis.
Adopting a habit of saving more provides you with more flexibility to allocate into investment and retirement savings. Begin by setting aside small amounts of savings of $1,000 but don’t stop there. Tough times prove that amount is inadequate. Don’t think of these savings as wasteful assets. Instead, it is a means to avoid higher debt levels. As Proverbs 13:11 tells us, “Dishonest money dwindles away, but whoever gathers money little by little makes it grow.”
Having Liquidity is Key
Liquidity refers to your ability to quickly convert assets into cash with little to no loss of principal. When your resources are liquid, you have the financial ability to pay for unexpected costs such as a loss of job, death in the family, or your roof is leaking. Monitor your liquidity levels periodically.
Monetary assets are among the most liquid of holdings. These assets include cash, cash-equivalent securities or money markets, treasury bills, savings bonds, savings, and checking accounts. True, you won’t earn much income as interest rates are still low, but you avoid having to use your credit cards with borrowing rates in the mid-teens. Use liquid assets to support your fixed monthly expenses for six months or more. Here are two benchmarks to use:
Liquidity Ratio= Monetary Assets/ Monthly Expenses
Your monetary assets should support your fixed monthly expenses such as groceries, rent or mortgage, utilities, and a car loan for six months. A ratio of 6 means having six months of monetary assets to pay for your basic needs of food, rent, utilities, and car loan, if necessary.
Emergency Fund Ratio
The liquidity ratio is linked very closely to emergency funds. This ratio is essentially a cash fund for emergencies in unforeseen events such as job loss, death in the family, unexpected surgery, or immediate house repair. It works by using a targeted number of months that you believe is ample to support you through emergencies. If you are looking for six months or higher (and this is highly recommended) to set aside money in a high yield savings account or money markets account, then:
Emergency Funds Ratio= 6*Monthly Expenses
This ratio will give you a targeted amount of monetary assets needed to be comfortable for a possible emergency. If your household generates less predictable income, you need to set aside more than six months for a more significant cushion. You can use personal finance ratios as benchmarks to see how you are doing.
3. Pay Yourself First
“Start thy purse by fattening“
George S. Clason, who wrote The Richest Man in Babylon, is believed to have coined the term “pay yourself first.” That means you should put away at least 10% of every paycheck into savings. Start to save small amounts working your way up to 20% of income to allocate into retirement savings investment accounts. You can distribute the initial savings to an emergency fund amounting to at least six months’ coverage for essential living costs. Unforeseen events are unpredictable and undesirable but do your planning.
Once establishing this fund, use some savings stashes to invest for retirement and taxable investment accounts. Putting away some money may be difficult at first, depending on your spending habits.
Savings should be one of the most essential parts of your household’s financial goals. Adopt a “Pay Yourself First” attitude. Your monthly budget should call for savings to be at least 10% of gross income.
Savings Ratio = Savings/Gross Income
Savings refer to money in the bank, liquid funds, deposits, money markets, and other liquid funds, such as your emergency fund. Gross income is your total source of income on your budget and includes what you earn, side businesses, bonuses, dividends, and interest income.
Your savings rate should be at least 10% of gross income. It may be challenging to do when you first start to work. As your salary or what you make rises, it should get easier to put money away for savings. A healthy savings ratio of 20% would be a bonus (pardon the pun).
4. Track Your Spending By Budgeting
Spending more than your means is a bad recipe that leads to borrowing more. It is far more profitable to save money and allocate to investments that yield 5% returns or more than having to borrow at mid-teen rates with credit cards to pay for your overspending habits. “Whoever works his land will have plenty of bread, but he who follows worthless pursuits will have plenty of poverty.” (Proverbs 28:19).
Track your spending carefully by budgeting according to your priorities. Bava Metzia 42a instructs us, “A person should always divide his money into three: one-third in the ground (for the future), one-third (invested) in business, and one-third in possession.” That may be an ancient way of splitting your funds. There are several ways to budget, such as tracking your expenses, creating a monthly budget, or using the 50/30/20 rule. The 50/30/20 budget uses 50% of aftertax or net income for your needs, 30% of net income for your wants, leaving 20% for saving money and paying off debt.
Budget In Any Reasonable Manner
Budget in any reasonable way that allows you to control your spending. It is easier now than ever to track your spending using various (free or fee) apps such as Mint, Personal Capital, PocketGuard, and YNAB for zero-based budgeting. Alternatively, scrutinize your credit card bills and build your own excel spreadsheet.
Our spending changed dramatically during the pandemic. Our bills for grocery and household goods were higher than usual. On the other hand, we saved more from cutting out retail shopping, dining except for occasional outdoor places, hair salon appointments, gas, tolls as we stayed closer to home. While I appreciated the extra cash, I like the return to normal, even as Covid cases are rising.
5. Avoid Lifestyle Inflation
As our income grows, we often increase “essential costs,” leading to lifestyle inflation. While we are allowed the occasional latte and extravagant dinners, we need to keep our spending in check. You shouldn’t deprive yourself of everything. However, fulfilling every desire is no longer a special treat.
“Keeping up with the Jones” and conspicuous consumption often refers to material goods we may accumulate to fit within a particular social class we admire. We compare ourselves to our neighbors or colleagues at work. As a result, people fall into the trap of spending on a better car or house simply to enhance their prestige and social standing. Targeting social status may be costly and divert resources better used for investing your money for more incredible long-term wealth.
It is pretty common for people to spend their raise and bonus as soon as they receive it. Temptation runs high to buy something special upon getting a raise and bonus after a year of working hard. I often bought something special to reward myself for hard work. However, you soon realize your pay hike is pretax and shrinks on an after-tax basis. If you need some things, make a list of what you believe is essential if you had some extra cash.
Overspending And Materialism
Overspending leads to materialism and lifestyle inflation that is hard to maintain. Mishlei Proverbs 13:7 tells us, “There is one who feigns riches but has nothing; one who feigns poverty but has great wealth.” According to Psalms 128:2 “You shall eat the fruit of your effort–you shall be happy and it shall be well with you.” This text reminds me of another favorite book, “The Millionaire Next Door: The Surprising Secrets of America’s Wealthy by Thomas J. Stanley and William D. Danko.
Stanley and Danko profiled and compared millionaires in two categories: those under accumulators of wealth (UAW) and the prodigious accumulator of wealth (PAW). The UAW’s were individuals who had a low net wealth compared to their high income because of spending to maintain their status. On the other hand, PAWs managed their wealth better, often living in blue-collar neighborhoods and buying used cars. It is an eye-opening account of the good and bad money habits of the wealthy.
6. Bargain hunting or Shopping Addiction?
Shopping is often a fun activity to do with friends or on our own. Marketing experts count on our emotions when we shop. Be aware of the biases we wear when shopping. Retail expert Mark Elwood has written about the psychological benefits of seeing bargains. He points out that stores like Best Buy use Goldilocks pricing or three-tiered pricing from low to high prices. The store hopes you will buy the middle option with higher pricing than the low-end but not necessarily feature-worthy enough to pay more.
We should not pay the list price for anything but make sure it is a real bargain. There has been a lot of worthwhile academic research about bargain hunting being a form of shopping addiction.
There is the thrill of getting a deal, even when we may not want that item.
Impulse Shopping vs. Compulsive Shopping
Overspending can cause financial difficulties if you are subject to impulse or compulsive shopping. There is a difference between the two though often seen interchangeably. Impulse buying happens more frequently when a consumer has a sudden urge to buy on the spot without much deliberation. We all do this from time to time. Compulsive buying, on the other hand, happens where one experiences an uncontrollable urge to buy. We may trigger negative feelings relieved by that purchase. This kind of shopping may be more like a shopping addiction that potentially needs therapy before financial hardship occurs.
7. Compounding Growth
Start saving for retirement in your 20s through your employer’s sponsored 401K plans. Deposits in small amounts in retirement accounts regularly benefit from tax advantages and compound growth over a long horizon. Automate these savings out of your paychecks. As such, your contributions are tax-deferred. Employers often match a portion of your contributions. Match contributions are extra money you can earn from your company. Separately, establish an IRA (Roth IRA) for further retirement savings. Target your contributions to amounts capped by the IRS for maximum growth for retirement. Avoid withdrawing from these accounts as you may then trigger penalties and taxes you will need to pay.
As a goal, try to contribute to your 401K plan to the maximum level, which is $19,500 in 2021. Some years it may be hard to do, especially when you are experiencing a job loss. Resist withdrawing money from your retirement account as there is usually a 10% penalty and taxes to do so before you turn 59.5 years. Withdrawing retirement money will put a dent into your retirement fund that will be painful longer term.
One of my favorite quotes in The Richest Man is this: “It behooves a man to make preparation for a suitable income in the days to come, when he is no longer young, and to make preparations for his family should he no longer be with them to comfort and support them.”
Compounding Works Best When Investing Early
The power of compounding interest, linked to the time value of money, will benefit you the most if you save and invest early. Let your earnings accumulate and grow rather than withdraw cash from your accounts. It makes a big difference if you start saving for your retirement ten years later than your friends or if you invest for ten years and then stop contributing to your 401K retirement account. It is difficult to catch up by doubling the amount if you start investing later on.
As soon as your child is born, start saving for college through a 529 plan. These plans vary but are available in virtually every state. Like retirement accounts, they have deferred tax benefits and may have contribution limits. Check with your respective state program for details.
8. Make Savings A Priority
Saving money is hard work and not necessarily natural for many of us. To make it a good habit, take steps to automate your savings. Most banks will allow you to automatically transfer a set amount of money from one account to another account. Your employer will be able to automatically deduct a percentage or a set amount of your paycheck to deposit into accounts such as retirement or investment accounts. Essentially, you are adopting a “pay yourself first” attitude so that you can allocate money into different buckets, especially for unforeseen expenses.
In recent years, there have many headlines about insufficient savings by Americans for years. As the outbreak of the virus caused lockdowns, most of the country stayed home. The personal savings rate rose dramatically to an unusual 32.2% in April 2020 as consumer spending dropped significantly. Over time, it will likely come down to the more normal 7%-8% range. Spending versus saving is a common trade-off with lots of tension. Motivate yourself to save by setting short-term and long-term goals proactively. Reduce spending you can’t afford. Money trade-offs require you to consider the best balance for you and your family.
Saving As A Good Habit. How Long Does It Take?
I had always heard that it took 21 days to break a bad habit. As a member of Weight Watchers, which is ALL about breaking bad eating habits (and it works for me as I am down 30 pounds and declining!), they always refer to the 21 days. However, I did not know of the 21-day origin.
Dr. Maxwell Maltz, a 1950s plastic surgeon, found that it would take his patients about 21 days to get used to seeing their new face, or post-amputation, they would still sense a phantom limb. The 21-day time frame dates back to nearly 70 years. Dr. Maltz wrote about his adjustment period to changes and new behaviors to form a new habit….”.it requires a minimum of about 21 days for an old mental image to dissolve and a new one to jell.”
More research indicates that it takes a longer time to form a new habit than 21 days. A 2009 study published in the European Journal of Social Psychology by Phillipa Lally, a health psychology researcher at University College London, indicated it took 66 days on average (in a range of 18 days to 254 days) to form a new habit.
Whether 21 days or 66 days, it takes significant time, effort, and determination to create a new habit
What About A Savings Challenges?
I have been skeptical about savings challenges. Like diets, they work for many and can be fun, especially if you do so with others. The question is whether the challenge can result in having long-term effects. I think any challenge that can motivate someone towards a good habit with lasting results has my endorsement. There are so many good savings challenges to consider. I tend to favor the 52-week challenge, which may help you build some money along with good habits. On the other hand, the no-spend month reminds me of a fasting diet and seems too difficult to attempt for most people with families or busy lives.
I often have turned to using cash only and leaving my credit cards behind. Paying for meals at restaurants or window shopping without cards has rewarded me by limiting my consumption to cash. I am not a big shopper or enjoy going into stores unless I am going purposefully for a specific outfit or electronics. My daughter, Alex, is often upset with me, encouraging me to buy something for myself. She wonders why I don’t love shopping as much as she does. Now that she is working two jobs that she loves this summer, she has become quite a hoarder herself and has asked me about my stock picks. (Okay, I am proud of her!).
9. Don’t Obsess About Money
Maintain balance in your life, and don’t just focus on wealth accumulation. According to Proverbs 21:20, “Precious treasure and oil are in a wise man’s dwellings, but a foolish man devours it.” While no one seeks to become poor, there are dangers of solely wanting to be rich. “Keep your lives free from the love of money and be content with what you have.” Hebrews 13:5
Martin Luther King Jr. worried about the obsession with money in his famous speech called False God of Money. He said, “We attribute to the almighty dollar an omnipotence equal to that of the eternal God of the universe. We are always on the verge of rewriting the Scriptures to read, ‘Seek ye first money and its power and all these things will be added unto you,’ or ‘Money is my light and salvation, what shall I fear.”
King himself lived frugally, leaving little money for his family. However, he saw other goals like working hard, investing in education and having faith as far more critical.
Price Versus Quality
Being financially secure is important. The alternative is stressful. However, don’t be frugal for frugality’s sake. Consider price versus quality in your buying considerations. The cheapest thing may not be of the best value. Indeed, there are some items where quality doesn’t differ, and I will pay the best price. I like buying private label products such as Kirkland sold in Costco, discounted from the branded items.
However, quality matters more when buying furniture, mattresses, a car, or a home. We have been burned by looking to get a bargain and not balancing quality. Buying solely on a price basis is foolish for these products or services that I intend to use for a while. That doesn’t mean I am averse to getting a bargain by negotiating.
10. Be Charitable
According to Jewish law, one cannot impoverish oneself by distributing all of one’s wealth to charity. However, one can leave one-third of his estate to charity in their will. A minimum of one-tenth of one’s income belongs to God per measure handed down from the Patriarchs as Jacob himself said to God, “Of all that You give, I will set aside a tenth to You” (Genesis 28:22). Giving 10% of your net income a year is a virtual goal—those who can.
According to HW Charles in The Money Code: Become A Millionaire With The Ancient Code, “Those who love people acquire wealth so they can give generously, after all, money feeds, shelters and clothes people.”
We should strive to be as generous as possible to those in need.
Final Thoughts
I found inspiration from timeless scriptures when writing this article. Sometimes ancient words remind us that money management was always a challenge to overcome. Choose success by your actions in saving money.
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A good read, useful information.
Thank you for your feedback!
Thank you. I like your quotes from the Bible. Ancient truths. May I use this article to guide and teach others
Nic,
I agree with you. Of course you can. I am honored that you consider it worthy to do so!
Thank you in the first place for such an useful article and with proper toppings from the Bible. Iam from india. Iam retired and on pension. But the stark reality is donning now of the do’s and dont’s with money. The phrase you have used “pay check to pay check” was true with me. Well as you have mentioned however conscious we would be, the impulses and burden of the needs drive in the wrong direction. So though I was able to make savings to some extent, i could have done better. As I was reading your article, I wished, I got to read this during my earning days. Now I will share with my children, so that they can organise themselves well. I really appreciate the way you brought into light the practical issues that concerns spending. Thank you once again for the excellent counseling on saving. I will follow your ten commandments and try to benefit at least now.
I appreciate your comment. I wish I had turned to the Bible for comments on so many topics.
Linda
Very insightful article. Using words from past scriptures and books adds to the seriousness of saving money and creating wealth.
Veena,
It adds a different perspective to our understanding.
Thank you, Veena!
Thanks for the article. Love that it has alot of Biblical teachings.
Rose,
I appreciate your comments. I like reading those ancient words!
Yes, I truly believe in these 10 commandments of saving money . Not only me, everyone should save money for emergency use.Like in this pandemic times.We must spend wisely our money.
For sure! Thank you for your thoughts!
Interesting
Thank you for your feedback!
Thank you, a very informative material.
Thank you for feedback, it means a lot!
Linda